This work aimed at studying the parasitoids species and the index of natural parasitism in species of fruits flies associated to the "umbu-cajazeira" (Spondias sp.) in the Reconcavo Baiano region Bahia State. Samples of the fruits were collected from March to July 2002. From total of 4,095 fruits (74.45 kg) was obtained 30,579 pupae of Tephritidae, from which 11,435 adult Anastrepha spp. emerged and 7,785 Braconidae parasitoids. Three species were identified: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti) (94.10% of the emerged parasitoids), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) (1.08%) and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) (4.82%). The percentage of total parasitism was 25.46%. Anastrepha (Tephritidae): Host, Parasite; Asobara anastrephae (Braconidae): Parasite; Doryctobracon areolatus (Braconidae): Parasite; Utetes anastrephae (Braconidae): Parasite. Anastrepha: Hymenopteran parasites, Asobara anastrephae, Doryctobracon areolatus, Utetes anastrephae, Plant hosts, Spondias, Brazil, Bahia, Reconcavo Baiano region, hyperparasitism, prevalence; Asobara anastrephae, Doryctobracon areolatus, Utetes anastrephae: Dipteran hosts, Anastrepha, Brazil, Bahia, Reconcavo Baiano region, hyperparasitism, prevalence, plant hosts. Arthropods; Hymenopterans; Insects; Invertebrates; True Flies. none2008checked