The phenology and natural mortalities were investigated by use of funnel traps, emergence traps, branch samples and forest litter samples in a plantation of Abies nordmanniana (Stev.). Larval endoparasitism constituted 81.6% in 1986 and 78.8% in 1987. Charmon extensor (Linn.) (Braconidae) was the predominant primary parasitoid followed by Pimplopterus dubius (Hlmg.) (Ichneumonidae). Apparently, neither of these are host-specific, but they seem to show a delayed density dependent response to E. fraternana . Ectoparasitism of 18.4% and 23.7% and a predation by cecidomyid larvae of 1.7% on mining larvae were recorded. 25.3% of the hibernating larvae were killed by the pathogenous fungus Paecilomycis farinosus (Holm), whereas at least 15.3% of the hibernating larvae and pupae were killed by predators, possibly by Athous subfuscus L. (Elateridae) and some staphylinids. none