none Nutrition; Diet; Life cycle and development; Parasites diseases and disorders; Parasites; Insect parasites; Hosts; Insect hosts; Host parasite relationships; Ecology; Community structure; Population dynamics; Habitat; Man made habitat; Land and freshwater zones; Nearctic region; North America; USA Phyllonorycter crataegella (Gracillariidae); Food plants; Malus (apple), damage to plant & relative abundance; Life cycle; Review; Hymenopteran parasites; Pholetesor ornigis & Sympiesis marylandensis; Prevalence & population regulation; Prevalence; Pholetesor & Sympiesis (Hymenoptera); Relative abundance; Food plant; Population regulation; Hymenopteran parasite effects; Connecticut, abundance, damage to food plant & hymenopteran parasites Pholetesor ornigis (Braconidae ); Sympiesis marylandensis (Eulophidae ); Lepidopteran hosts; Phyllonorycter crataegella; Prevalence; Phyllonorycter crataegella (Lepidoptera); Population dynamics; Abundance in apple orchards; Cultivated land habitat; Apple orchards, abundance, lepidopteran host relationship; Connecticut, prevalence & effects on host populations