New data about the life cycle of the butterfly are given, concerning the prolonged diapause of its (multi-annual) pupal stage and voltinism. The larval forms (little known, proof is provided in order to demonstrate their variability), prepupa, and pupa of lolana iolas (Ochsenheimer, 1816) recorded from the south of the Iberian Peninsula (Granada province) are described and illustrated. A previously undetermined species of Braconidae, parasitoid on lolana iolas, mentioned by several authors as 'Apanteles sp.', is identified for the first time as Cotesia specularis Szepligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae). New data about the biology of this parasitoid and the ichneumonoid-host interaction are added. An unknown association of phytophagous wasps with larvae of lolana iolas, to the advantage of both of them (mutualism), is described. Those wasps are identified as belonging to the species Bruchophagus coluteae Boucek (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eurytomidae). Very little is known about myrmecophily in I. iolas. In this paper a new myrmecophilous relationship is described: mention is made for the first time of an association of larvae of lolana iolas with the ant Camponotus cruentatus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Life cycle and development; Associations; Parasites diseases and disorders; Parasites; Insect parasites; Hosts; Insect hosts; Land zones; Palaearctic region; Eurasia; Europe Iolana iolas (Lycaenidae); Life cycle and development; Mutualism; Bruchophagus & Camponotus (Hymenoptera); Hymenopteran parasites; Cotesia specularis; Spain; Granada; Biology & parasitic & mutualistic interactions with Hymenoptera Cotesia specularis (Braconidae); Lepidopteran hosts; Iolana iolas; New host record; Spain; Granada; New lepidopteran host record, host & parasite biology & interaction Bruchophagus coluteae (Eurytomidae ); Camponotus cruentatus (Formicidae ); Mutualism; Iolana iolas (Lepidoptera); Spain; Granada; Mutualism with Lepidoptera, new record, biology & interaction none